Shankaracharya Temple Srinagar Guide: History, Renovations, and Key Facts for Visitors

By - January 15, 2024 - Jammu & Kashmir
Shankaracharya Temple

The Shankaracharya Temple, also known as the Jyeshta Ashtami Temple, is a revered Hindu temple located atop the Gopadari Hill in Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India. Dedicated to Lord Shiva, this temple is not only an architectural marvel but also a significant pilgrimage site for devotees.

Why is the Shankaracharya Temple Famous?

The Shankaracharya Temple holds a revered position for several reasons:

  1. Spiritual Significance: It’s a prominent spiritual hub where devotees gather to meditate and offer prayers. The temple’s history is intertwined with Adi Shankaracharya, who meditated on the hill for an extended period, further elevating its spiritual importance.
  2. Panoramic Views: Situated atop a hill, the temple provides visitors with a stunning panoramic view of the city and the surrounding natural beauty.
  3. Architectural Brilliance: The temple’s design is a testament to ancient architectural prowess. It stands on a 20-foot-tall octagonal base, and its interiors house the Shivalinga in a chamber supported by four pillars.
  4. Global Attraction: Beyond its religious significance, the temple’s unique architecture draws enthusiasts from around the world.

History of the Shankaracharya Temple

The Shankaracharya Temple’s origins are shrouded in time, but it’s believed to have been constructed by Jaluka, son of Emperor Ashoka, around 200 BC. Throughout history, the temple faced destruction and restoration:

  • Sultan Sikandar damaged the temple’s Shiva Lingam and other idols. However, subsequent rulers restored it after various calamities and attacks.
  • King Godapatta renovated the temple in the 1st century AD, dedicating it to Jyeteshwara. Later, Kings Gopaditya and Lalitaditya undertook further restorations.
  • The Dogra dynasty’s Gulab Singh refurbished the Durga Naag shrine within the temple complex.
  • Modern enhancements include electric fittings by the King of Mysore and the installation of Adi Shankaracharya’s statue in 1961 by the Shankaracharya of Dwarkapeeth.

Interestingly, the temple is known as Bagh-i-Sulaiman among Jews and Persians, with Persian scriptures found on-site attesting to its ancient significance. Legend also speaks of a stone stairway connecting the temple to the Jhelum River, destroyed by Mughal emperor Jahangir.

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Spiritual Significance of the Shankaracharya Temple:

The Shankaracharya Temple, perched atop the Gopadari Hill in Srinagar, is not just a religious site but a testament to the rich tapestry of history, culture, and spirituality of the region. Here’s a deep dive into its significance:

Historical and Cultural Significance:

  • The temple is steeped in history, with claims that Jesus Christ visited Kashmir and this very temple. Inscriptions on the temple’s shrine and its steps attest to this belief, amplifying its prominence in the region.
  • Persian engravings adorn the temple and its stairs, further emphasizing its historical relevance.
  • Throughout various eras, including the Mughal, Sikh, Afghan, and Dogra periods, the temple was referred to as Takht-e-Suleiman. It was only in the 19th century, after repairs by Governor Sheikh Mohi-ud-Din, that it acquired the name Shankaracharya.
  • Initially, after its renaming, the temple wasn’t used for religious purposes. It was later consecrated as the Shankaracharya Temple, marking the placement of the Shiv Lingam within.
  • The tradition of prayer services began during the Sikh period, and the festival of Shravan Poornima became an integral custom here.

Architectural Marvel:

  • The temple stands on a solid rock foundation, with a 20-foot tall octagonal base supporting the square structure above.
  • A terrace encircles this square temple, accessible by stone staircases enclosed between two walls.
  • The interior houses a dark, circular chamber with a ceiling supported by octagonal columns. At its center lies a basin containing the Lingam, encircled protectively by a snake.
  • The temple’s innermost chamber has undergone renovations and now boasts modern ceilings.

Modern Additions and Renovations:

  • Dogra King Gulab Singh constructed the steps leading to the hill.
  • In 1925, the Maharaja of Mysore added electrical installations to the temple.
  • 1961 saw the placement of the current statue of Adi Shankaracharya.
  • In 1974, the J&K Government built a road guiding tourists to the TV antenna near the hilltop.

Spiritual Significance and Views:

  • The temple is a focal point for pilgrims during the renowned Amarnath Yatra.
  • Situated at a height of about 1100 feet, the temple offers breathtaking views of Srinagar, the Kashmir valley, and the snow-capped Pir Panjal range.
  • The 243 steps leading to the temple, while not overly steep, provide a serene ascent for visitors.
  • The shrine also features a circular cell offering panoramic views of the valley below.

Best Time to Visit Shankaracharya Temple

Visit the Shankaracharya Temple between May and September for the best experience. During these months, Srinagar offers a mild climate with temperatures ranging from 15°C to 30°C, ensuring a comfortable temple tour. The lush summer greenery further enhances the serene ambiance. Remember to wear comfy shoes for the climb and stay hydrated.

How Many Steps Are in the Shankaracharya Temple?

The ascent to the Shankaracharya Temple involves climbing a series of steps. In total, there are 243 steps leading up to the temple. Along the way, there are 23 landings where devotees can pause and rest. While the climb might appear daunting, traversing these steps is a part of the pilgrimage experience for many devotees visiting the temple.

Shankaracharya Temple Timings:

The Shankaracharya Temple, under the vigilant protection of the Army, has specific timings for devotees and visitors:

  • Morning Opening: The temple gates open early at 6 AM. From this time, cars are permitted to enter the temple premises.
  • Army Guard: Given its strategic location and significance, the temple’s entrance is guarded by army personnel, ensuring the safety and security of all visitors.
  • Evening Restrictions: While cars are allowed inside the temple premises throughout the day, they are not permitted entry post 5 PM. This is a crucial point for visitors planning to drive to the temple.
  • Closing Time: Despite the restriction on vehicle entry after 5 PM, the temple itself remains open for devotees and visitors until 8 PM.

Visitors are advised to adhere to these timings and respect the guidelines set by the authorities for a smooth and spiritually enriching experience at the Shankaracharya Temple.

How to Reach Shankaracharya Temple:

The Shankaracharya Temple perched atop the Gopadari Hill in Srinagar, is accessible by various means of transportation. However, it’s essential to note that tourists need to obtain special permission from the army department to visit this temple. Here’s a detailed guide on how to reach the temple:

By Bus:

  • Shankaracharya Temple is well-connected by road.
  • Several private bus service providers offer deluxe bus packages from nearby cities to Srinagar. Notably, Srinagar has good road connectivity with cities like Chandigarh and Jammu.
  • The cost for these package tours typically ranges from Rs. 4/- to Rs. 5/- per km.

Reaching By Rail:

  • The nearest railway station to Srinagar is in Jammu, which is approximately 290 km away.
  • Jammu’s railway station boasts excellent connectivity with various major cities across India.
  • Direct train services are available from prominent cities like Chennai, Delhi, Trivandrum, and Bangalore to Jammu. Once you reach Jammu, you can opt for road transport to get to Srinagar and subsequently to the temple.

Reaching from Major Cities of India By Air:

  • Srinagar has its own airport, which is well-connected to several major cities in India.
  • Regular flights operate between Srinagar and cities like Delhi, Chandigarh, Mumbai, and Shimla.
  • Typically, the flight frequency to and from Srinagar is once or twice a day across various airlines.

Once in Srinagar, the temple is about 5 km from the city center. Visitors can hire local taxis or auto-rickshaws to reach the base of the hill. From there, a climb of 243 steps will lead you to the temple premises. Ensure you wear comfortable footwear and carry water for the climb.

Festivals Celebrated at the Shankaracharya Temple

The Shankaracharya Temple in Kashmir is a significant center for Shaivism. Adi Shankaracharya, a revered saint, composed the “Soundarya Lahari” here, highlighting the union of Shiva and Shakti. This union is believed to empower Shiva with creative abilities. Due to its deep-rooted significance in Shaivism, the temple witnesses grand celebrations during Shivratri.

Nearby Attractions from Shankaracharya Temple:

  • Dal Lake: Approx. 7 km – A picturesque lake known for its houseboats and Shikara rides.
  • Mughal Gardens: Approx. 9 km – A collection of gardens built by the Mughal emperors, including Shalimar Bagh, Nishat Bagh, and Chashme Shahi.
  • Historical Sites in Srinagar: Varying distances, typically within 10-15 km – Explore the rich heritage and architecture of Srinagar’s ancient landmarks.

Travel Tips:

  • Photography is prohibited inside the temple premises.
  • It’s recommended to visit during the early morning or late afternoon to avoid the crowd.
  • Ensure you dress modestly while visiting the temple.

Conclusion:

The Shankaracharya Temple is not just a religious site but a testament to the rich history and cultural heritage of Kashmir. Whether you’re a devotee or a history enthusiast, a visit to this temple promises a spiritually enriching experience.

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